What are the primary characteristics of dairy wastes?

Dairy wastes are known for their specific characteristics, primarily due to the nature of the waste produced in the dairy industry. The correct choice highlights that dairy wastes typically contain high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and high suspended solids.

High BOD is a critical characteristic because it indicates the amount of oxygen that microorganisms will consume while decomposing organic matter present in the waste. Dairy operations produce considerable amounts of organic material, including milk, whey, and other byproducts, which contribute to elevated BOD levels. This high BOD can lead to significant oxygen depletion in aquatic environments if not properly treated, which is why understanding this characteristic is crucial for proper wastewater management.

In addition to the high BOD, dairy wastes also tend to have high suspended solids. This is a result of the physical components present in the waste, such as fats, proteins, and solids from milk processing. High suspended solids can result in other environmental challenges, such as clogging and reduced treatment efficiency. Proper treatment methods must account for both the high BOD and suspended solids to minimize environmental impacts.

In summary, the combination of high BOD and high suspended solids reflects the organic load and physical characteristics of dairy wastewater, necessitating careful management to protect water quality.